New research by James Hutton Institute scientists and partner organisations has been exploring sustainable farming practices in Scotland and how these might support long-term land productivity and resilience.

The work, funded by SEFARI Gateway, and the Food, Farming and Countryside Commission (FFCC), and in collaboration with the Scottish Agricultural Organisation Society (SAOS) and Soil Association Scotland (SAS), was conducted by Dr Luz-Maria Lozada, a social scientist, and Dr Alison Karley, an agroecologist, both based at the James Hutton Institute.

They carried out an online survey of 192 respondents and 10 one-to-one interviews to understand whether farming practices classed as agro-ecological are commonly adopted in Scotland and whether they provided benefits for the environment, farm productivity, and ability to cope with external stresses, such as climate change.

Agro-ecology embraces buzz-words like regenerative, organic, permaculture, and Linking Environment and Farming (LEAF) regimes. The research showed that many respondents already farmed using an approach that could be classed as 'agro-ecological'.

"Our analysis shows many Scottish farmers and crofters are innovating in the way they farm and produce food, motivated by the desire to improve soil health and biodiversity, and reduce inputs," explained Dr Lozada.

"They also see wider social benefits from creating closer links between their farms, local communities, and the consumers of their farm products."

Dr Karley added: "Agro-ecological farming approaches are knowledge intensive, and we need to think creatively about mechanisms to support the transition, whether through advice, training, incentives, or other means."

Sue Pritchard, chief executive of the Food, Farming and Countryside Commission, welcomed the report: "This research shows that farmers, crofters, land managers and growers across Scotland can be a force for change, adapting to new practices to develop resilient and diverse businesses fit for the future.

"Our Farming for Change evidence shows agroecology works – now it's time for government to show support for finance, knowledge and skills that meet the needs of these innovators and address the triple challenge of the nature, health and climate crises."

• The full research report can be found at https://bit.ly/Agroecology-Scotland, along with recommendations for supporting broader uptake of farming approaches using agroecology principles.